Overview of Multiple-Choice Section Multiple-choice questions can be torturous. The answer is one of a few options sitting right in front of you, but it's not always clear which one it is! Don't worry though! If you carefully prepare yourself and use some helpful strategies during the test, you can be more confident that you are choosing the right answer. The AP Chemistry multiple-choice section is 60 questions and 90 minutes long.
This section will count towards 50% of your exam score. You will be provided with a periodic table and formula and constants chart. You will not be allowed to use a calculator. Each question will have four answers (A-D), and there is no penalty for wrong answers! The questions are all based on the six big ideas identified and described in the AP chemistry course description, available to download on the AP Central Chemistry Exam website. Big ideas are based on:.
Atomic structure and theory. Intermolecular forces, particle attractions, and properties of matter.
Chemical reactions. Kinetics. Thermodynamics.
Equilibrium It would be fair to expect an equal number of questions from each Idea. Ideally, you would master each Idea before going into the test. Realistically, though, that is a monumental undertaking.
If you encounter questions you are not familiar with or don't understand, don't be too hard on yourself and move on to something you know. There are two types of multiple-choice questions you are likely to see. Discreet item questions consist of a single question with four answers (A-D).
Here's example of a discreet item question: 1. Aniline (C5H5NH2) is a weak base with a Kb of 4 x 10^-10. The pH of a 1 M solution of aniline is in the range of: (A) 5-6 (B) 7-8 (C) 9-10 (D) 12-13 This is the only question we have on the given information. Item sets consist of two or more test questions each with four choices (A-D). The questions in the set are based off a data set, a graph, an experiment or another type of stimulus. Here's an example of a two item set question: Consider the Lewis dot diagrams for BF3 and ammonia: 2. The molecular geometry of the two substances are: (A) The same because they each have three bonding electron domains (B) Different because they have three different numbers of electron domain and different electron domain geometries (C) The same because nonbonding electron domains do not affect geometry of bonding domains (D) Different because Boron is violating the octet rule The second question pertaining to those Lewis dot structures is: 3.
The bond angles between hydrogens and nitrogen are: (A) Greater than the bond angles between oxygen and hydrogen because of the repulsive force of the lone pair (B) Less than the bond angles between oxygen and hydrogen; the repulsive force of one lone pair is less than that of two (C) The same as bond angles between oxygen and hydrogen because they have the same electron domain geometry (D) Dependent on the amount of kinetic energy in the system In this case, both questions are based on the Lewis dot structures for BF3 and Ammonia (NH3). Preparing for the Test If you're enrolled in AP Chemistry, you're likely doing plenty to prepare for the test already! It's always a good idea to practice AP style multiple-choice questions as much as possible, so you get used to the format, the rigor and the question styles. You can find practice questions on the AP Central Chemistry Exam website.
Seek out questions that pertain to your current and past topics. These questions are extremely similar to questions on the actual test. I highly recommend using these as a study tool. Additionally, it is helpful to get an AP Chemistry review book. Be careful to get a version generated for the 2013/14 year or after because these versions are designed for the new AP curriculum. These review books organize material into important topics and provide multiple-choice questions.
Some of these questions are not the same caliber as the ones on the AP test itself. During the test, you will have use of an AP-issued periodic table and chart that includes formulas and constants. You can print the same versions you will be using on the test today!
In fact, you should do this immediately after finishing this video. Become familiar with the formulas and constants on the chart months before you take the test, where they are and what they mean. Definitely take the time to understand the appropriate units for each formula or constant. Units can be your most helpful ally when solving tricky problems. It's not a good idea to walk into the test assuming all of the items on the chart will be familiar and helpful.
If you don't know Coulomb's law before the test, glancing at the equation won't help you! Plus, you might end up wasting precious time trying to understand formulas on the chart. Practice taking the multiple-choice segment of the test. Again, you can find practice tests for former AP Chemistry tests on the AP Central Chemistry Exam website. Set a timer for 90 minutes, gather your periodic table and chart and get to work! Practice the test taking strategies discussed in the next segment. Second to studying, taking care of yourself is probably the most important thing you can do to prepare for the test.
Make sure that you:. Get at least eight to ten hours of sleep (at least the night before, if not as much as possible). Eat breakfast and bring a snack.
Your brain consumes an awesome amount of calories, especially during a 3-hour test!. Dress in layers.
Bring pencils and a calculator (for the FRQ portion). Make sure your batteries work. Taking the Test The test booklet is yours for a precious 90 minutes.
Don't be afraid to:. Scratch answers out. Underline or circle valuable information. Write equations. Make notes on the test Remember, you will not be graded on any of the work done in the booklet. All answers must be recorded on the answer sheet.
Time management on the test is paramount to success. To figure out how to best manage your time, let's do some math.
You have 60 questions and 90 minutes; that means 1.5 minutes per question. You could go through the test once and spend 1.5 minutes on each question. This is a tricky method because sometimes we get stuck on certain questions or get panicky if we don't know the answers to the first few questions. AP Central recommends a different strategy that involves spending less time on questions initially and going through the test three times. The first time you go through the test, spend approximately 40 seconds on each question. Don't know what 40 seconds feels like? When you're practicing multiple-choice questions at home, set a timer for 40 seconds and put it on repeat.
Hopefully, this time will register with you. During the test, you can look at your watch or the clock, but this can become a little burdensome. For questions that you can't finish in 40 seconds, circle the number and move on. For questions that you don't know how to answer at all, mark with an X. If you are struggling with these questions, it is not worth sacrificing your time trying to figure them out if you could be answering questions you do know the answers to. After you've gone through the test once, go back through and focus on the questions you circled. If you finish these questions and there is time remaining, go through the test again and focus on the questions you marked with an X.
As mentioned earlier, there is no penalty for wrong guesses! On the questions you absolutely don't know, it is still worth your time to guess and guess well. When working through these questions, try to eliminate two answers and then make your guess. As with any test, make sure to read questions and answers carefully. Students often pick the first answer that seems best. Taking the time to read all answers is worth your while.
Also, be 100% sure that you know what the question is asking. Occasionally, a question will include information that is supplemental but not essential. This kind of extra information can interfere with a student's understanding of what the question is asking. Tips for Math-Based Problems Much of the AP questions are conceptual and involve critical thinking, but that doesn't mean you won't encounter some math on the test. Because you can't use a calculator, most questions can be answered by making estimations and employing your hard-earned math skills.
When you encounter a math problem, make sure you identify your given quantities, your desired quantities and the relevant conversion factors. Always, always, always include units. Next, determine what kind of formula you'll need to solve the problem. Either pull this formula from memory or refer to your formula chart. If you're stuck trying to figure out what to do, look at the units from your given quantity and desired quantity. Find formulas that involve those units.
When solving these problems, it's okay to round, estimate and approximate. You can save a lot of time dividing 10 into 100 versus 9.6 into 100. If you cannot arrive at an answer close to any of the options, check your math and how much you estimated or approximated.
Have a grasp of the following mathematical concepts and processes:. Significant figures. Scientific notation.
Multiplying and dividing with decimals. Shortcuts for operations involving exponents.
Quick conversions for common changes of units (J - kJ, mL - L). Algebraic operations Let's look at a problem shown earlier - the one about aniline. Aniline (C5H5NH2) is a weak base with a Kb of 4 x 10^ -10. The pH of a 1 M solution of aniline is in the range of: (A) 4-5 (B) 6-7 (C) 9-10 (D) 12-13 This question is asking us to identify pH of a weak base. We know that aniline has a Kb value of 4 x 10^-10 and that it is a 1 M solution. We know that pH is determined by concentration of hydrogen ions.
If we know the concentration of hydroxide ions or pOH, then we can determine pH. I know that Kb can get me to hydroxide concentration, and from there I can determine pH.
We know that aniline will generate two products, OH^- and C5H5NH3^+. We also know that since it's a weak base, this will only happen a very small amount of the time. In case we've forgotten specifics about Kb, the formula chart has exactly what we're looking for! Kb = OH-HB+/B, in our case Kb = OH-C5H5NH3+/C5H5NH2 I can substitute 1 M for the concentration of C5H5NH2, set Kb equal to 4 x 10^-10 and set both OH- and C5H5NH2 equal to x. The equation becomes 4 x 10^-10 = x2/1 M.
The 1 M is something I can safely ignore because anything times one is itself. If this was a number that was different from 1 by a factor of 10, I would consider those effects in relation to my Kb value.
Now it's onto the square root of 4 x 10^-10. It's easiest to call this number 1 x 10^-10. Remember, if you do this, your answer will be a tiny bit lower (we're talking tenths here) than the actual answer. Since our answers give a range of pH values, this is an okay move.
If you know your rules for exponents, you know the square root of 1 x 10^-10 is 1 x 10^-5. Since pH and pOH are on a logarithmic scale, pOH is approximately the magnitude of the exponent. Thus, pOH is 5.
This equates to a pH of approximately 9 (plus a few tenths of a pH to compensate for the approximations that we did earlier). The answer for this question would be (C). Lesson Summary The multiple-choice section consists of:. 60 questions. 90 minutes.
Each question has four answer options (A-D). There will be discreet items and item sets. There is no penalty for wrong guesses! Keep in mind that this portion of the test:. Counts for 50% of the exam score.
Periodic table and formula and constant chart is provided. No calculators are allowed Start preparing for the exam months in advance. Practice AP style multiple-choice questions, become familiar with the formula and constant chart, take practice tests and of course, study the content. Take care of yourself before the test and arrive prepared! When taking the test, plan to go through the test three times. The first time, give yourself 40 seconds a problem. Mark problems that you can't finish in under 40 seconds by circling the number.
Attempt these questions your second time through. Mark problems that you don't know how to do with an X. Attempt these questions your last time through. On math-based problems, it is okay to estimate, round or approximate.
The AP Exam is often a source of trepidation for many high school students. Let’s be honest: three hours of wracking your brain, recalling facts from an entire year’s worth of information isn’t exactly fun.
While the AP Chemistry Exam’s multiple-choice section may not be enjoyable, however, it is certainly doable. That 5 is attainable, and the right approach and resources can help you pass with flying colors. Here we’ve compiled some detailed information to help you become acquainted with the AP Chemistry multiple-choice questions in the hope of helping you relax, study more efficiently, and score high on test day. What is the format of the AP Chemistry Exam? The exam for an AP course is perhaps the most important part. If you don’t take the exam, colleges considering giving you AP credit will have no way of knowing how well you did in the class. Thus, just as earning A’s and B’s on your AP coursework is important, achieving 4’s and 5’s on your exams is equally vital.
When preparing for the AP Chemistry multiple-choice questions, you will want to familiarize yourself in as much detail as possible with the exam content for the course. First, know that the AP Chemistry Exam will strive to test your conceptual, lasting understanding of the topics taught in class through inquiry-based reasoning rather than regurgitating memorized facts or just plugging numbers into a formula.
You’ll be asked to explain chemical phenomena using modeling and to justify concepts using mathematical formulas. Furthermore, a common way to test a student’s conceptual understanding of a science topic is to require experimental design, ranging from designing an experiment to analyzing the data and sources of error. Thus, the AP Chemistry Exam will involve a combination of memorized facts and their application, so as you study, consistently work not only to learn information but to also understand why it is important and how it fits into the field of chemistry as a whole. The AP Chemistry Exam lasts for three hours and fifteen minutes and is divided into two parts. Section I lasts for 90 minutes and consists of 60 multiple-choice question which will either be discrete or presented in sets. Question sets are comprised of a series of questions based on a data set or other stimulus. Section II, lasting for 105 minutes, includes three long free-response questions and four short free-response questions.
You will be provided with a periodic table and equation list for use throughout the exam and will be allowed to use a scientific calculator only during Section II. Why is the AP Chemistry Multiple Choice Section Important? Often, students can be more intimidated by the free-response portion of an AP exam and thus spend a disproportionate amount of time preparing for it.
Before you get caught in this trap, know that the multiple-choice section of the AP Chemistry Exam accounts for 50 percent of your overall score, meaning Section I is just as important as Section II. Keep in mind that focusing solely on free-response questions can only earn you a 50 percent, so take the multiple-choice section seriously. What Content is Covered in the Multiple Choice Section of AP Chemistry? A key to winning a game or defeating an enemy is understanding your opponent.
Thus, to do well on the multiple-choice section of the AP Chemistry exam, you should have a basic understanding of which key concepts you will be responsible for learning. The CollegeBoard provides an extensive including a concept outline for AP Chemistry, which will tell you in great detail what you will be expected to know. There are four big ideas, each of which is divided further into enduring understandings, which are divided even further into points of essential knowledge, science practices, and learning objectives. Any of this is fair game for the exam.
To get you started, here are the big ideas covered in the course, as well as their respective enduring understandings: 1. The chemical elements form the building blocks of matter, and all matter can be described by the arrangements of atoms. Atoms, molecules, and elements.
The unique atomic structure of each element. Periodicity, periodic trends, and their connection to electronic structure. Atomic models. Conservation of matter 2. Atomic, molecular, and ionic structure, as well as the forces between them, explain the chemical and physical properties of materials. Physical properties.
Intermolecular forces. Chemical bonding. Connection between bonding and properties 3. Changes in matter involve the reorganization and rearrangement of atoms as well as electron transfer.
Volvo penta marine engine parts. Balanced chemical equations. Classifying chemical reactions. Chemical/physical transformations and energy changes 4. Reaction rate is determined by the details of molecular collisions. Measuring reaction rate and the factors on which it depends. Molecular collisions and their connection to elementary reactions. Series of elementary reactions.
Catalysts and reaction rate 5. The laws of thermodynamics and their usefulness in describing the role of energy and in predicting the direction of changes in matter. Heat and energy exchange. Conservation of energy. Bond energy. The energy required to break intermolecular interactions.
Connection between enthalpy, entropy, and physical and chemical processes 6. The formation and breakage of bonds and intermolecular attractions are in dynamic competition, sensitive to initial conditions and external perturbations. Chemical equilibrium. The response of systems at equilibrium to external perturbations. Ccnp network security lab manual pdf. Connection between chemical equilibrium, acid-base chemistry, and solubility. Connection between the equilibrium constant, temperature, and Gibbs free energy How to Prepare for AP Chemistry’s Multiple Choice Now that you have a good understanding of the exam content let’s take a look at some specific AP Chemistry tips useful in preparing for the multiple-choice section.
Use lecture and class time to your advantage. Class time is free test preparation, so use it! Engage in the lecture by taking good notes, asking questions for clarification, and answering questions for practice. Organize your information. Keep your notes neat so you can eliminate stress and confusion while studying. Make flashcards to aid memorization.
Fill gaps in your notes using your textbook. Learn to recognize patterns as well as their exceptions. Multiple-choice questions often require you to choose the “best” answer or the one “false” answer. Strive to know each detail about a concept and to make connections to other concepts.
Learn to read charts, graphs, and data tables. If you know how to interpret a data set, you’ll have a free answer to a multiple-choice question. Learn to think conceptually. Analytical, conceptual thinking is a learned art. Work to move beyond mere memorization to relating concepts to each other, to the larger field of chemistry and other scientific disciplines. Listen carefully when your teacher makes these connections, and familiarize yourself with this type of thinking by completing practice questions. How to Answer AP Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions.
In addition to having a good handle on the chemistry material itself, work to apply several test-taking strategies while practicing for and taking the multiple-choice section of the AP Chemistry Exam. Having these procedures in place will maximize your score and reduce stress on test day. Use the following AP Chemistry tips in answering the multiple-choice questions: 1. Manage your time. The best way to do this is to mark and skip difficult questions as you move through the test. Answer easy questions for guaranteed points, then return to your marked questions at the end. Understand the question.
Circle words that will determine your answer to the question, such as only, best, or not. If you’re having a difficult time visualizing or recalling a concept, draw a quick sketch or figure. Trying to hold and interact with information just in your head is challenging, so cut yourself as much slack as possible by writing and drawing. Eliminate choices you know to be incorrect.
Try to answer a question before looking at the options. If you aren’t sure, then begin by eliminating obviously wrong answer choices. There’s no penalty for a wrong answer, so you significantly increase the probability of answering correctly by removing one or two options.
What are AP Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions Like? To familiarize yourself with the setup of AP Chemistry multiple-choice questions and the thought process behind determining the answer, peruse the following two examples from the CollegeBoard’s released 1999 AP Chemistry Exam: When presented with a graph, begin by reading it to the best of your ability and answering a few questions. How are the axes labeled? What trend is shown? Have I seen something like this before? Often, important information about the graph will be given in the question, so read this too.
Answering this particular question relies on your knowledge of phase changes, knowing that the section of the graph depicting constant temperature corresponds with the coexistence of two phases as one changes into the other. Thus, the correct answer is Choice C. Questions such as this can be quite tricky. The best approach is to write “true” or “false” next to each statement, then select the corresponding answer choice.
This question tests your understanding of ionic solids, lattice energy, and Coulomb’s law. The compound with the higher lattice energy will melt at a higher temperature, and lattice energy is directly related to ionic charge and indirectly related to ionic size. Thus, Statements I and II are correct and relevant. Statement III, though relevant, is incorrect, as the O 2- ion is larger than the F – ion. This makes Choice B the correct answer. These questions should give you an idea of what is involved in the multiple-choice section of the AP Chemistry Exam. For additional insight and help with multiple-choice questions, you can check out Albert’s AP Chemistry.
How can I Practice AP Chemistry Multiple Choice? Now that you are armed with information about the AP Biology multiple-choice questions, it’s time to study and get that 5. The best course of action involves developing your own AP Chemistry study plan so you can work ahead, paying attention in class, and utilizing excellent resources.
Albert’s provide an extensive bank of questions designed with the student in mind. Still struggling to grasp that difficult concept? This contains articles to guide you through a variety of AP Chemistry topics. For further study tips, check out this AP Chemistry.AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.
SAT® is a registered trademark of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse this product. ACT® is a registered trademark of ACT, Inc., which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.
GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admission Council®, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product. GRE® is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Services (ETS), which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.
This video tutorial focuses on the organic chemistry section of the PCAT. It contains 15 out of 50 multiple choice practice problems for you to work on. Here is a list of topics on this study guide: 1.
Carbocation and Radical Stability 2. Oxidation of Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Alcohols 3. Nomenclature of Alkenes – E / Z Designation 4. Lewis Acids – AlCl3, BH3, and FeCl3 5. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions of Benzene – Nitration, HNO3, H2SO4 6. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives – Acid Chlorides, Esters, Amides, and Carboxylic Acids 7. Acid Catalayzed E1 Dehydration Reaction of Alcohols – H2SO4 & H3PO4 8.
Aromatic, Antiaromatic & Nonaromatic Compounds – Pyrrole, Thiophene, Furan, Pyridine 9. Fischer Projection – R & S Configuration 10. Acid Catalyzed Hydration of 1-hexene with H2O & H+ or H3O+ 11. Aldol Condensation Reaction – Alpha Beta Unsaturated Aldehydes 12. Functional Groups – RCHO, RCOOR, ROR, ROH, RCOOH 13. Conformations of Cyclohexane – Chair, Boat, Twist Boat and Half Chair 14. Diels Alder, Dieckmann Condensation, Robinson Annulation and Wittig Reaction 15.
Electrophilic & Nucleophilic Addition, Free Radical Substitution, and Elimination Reactions 16. Hydroboration Oxidation, Oxymercuration Demercuration, Syn Hydroxylation 17. Enantiomers, Diastereomers, Meso Compounds, and Constitutional Isomers 18. Functional Groups – Alcohols, Amides, Amines, Aldehydes, Carboxylic Acids 19.
Hybridization of Carbon Carbon Bonds – S, SP, SP2, SP3 20. How To Find The Number of Sigma and Pi Bonds 21. Vinyl, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Benzyl Radicals 22. How To Determine Which Compound Is Most Acidic 23.
Spectroscopy – IR, MS, UV-Vis, NMR 24. SN2, SN1, E1, E2 Reaction Mechanisms 25. Alkynes to Alkanes and Cis and Trans Alkenes – h2 / Lindlar’s Catalyst or Deactivated Pd 26. Electrophilic Addition Reactions – D2 Pt, OsO4 NaHSO3, Br2 CH2Cl2, Cl2 CH2Cl2 27. How To Find The Number of Stereoisomers and Chiral Centers / Carbons 28. How To Determine The Number of HNMR Signals In a Compound or Molecule 29.
Alkyl Halides To Alkenes – How To Find The Missing Reagent 30. How To Convert Alcohols Into Alkyl Bromides 31. Which Benzene Ring Derivative Reacts Most Rapidly With CH3Cl AlCl3? Initiation, Propagation and Termination Radical Reactions 33. How To Find The IUPAC Name of an Alkane Molecule or Compound 34. Acid Chlorides & Aldehydes – DIBAH, Gilman and Grignard Reagents – CH3MgBr, (CH3)2CuLi, LiAlH4 35.
IR Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, and Aldehydes 36. Gabriel Synthesis of Amines, Hoffman Elimination, Primary Amines Using NaCN and NaN3 37. Unsaturated Compounds, IHD – Index of Hydrogen Deficiency or Degrees of Unsaturation 38. Reaction Sequence – CH3CH2Cl AlCl3, Fe HCl, NaNO2 HCl, HBF4 39. How To Find The Number of Monochlorinated Products In a Compound 40. Lucas & Tollen’s Reagent, 2 4 DNP Test, Iodoform Test and Chromic Acid Test 41.
Friedel Crafts Alkylation vs Acylation – Carbocation Rearrangements 42. Functional Groups found in lipids and proteins 43. 1-pentene + hBr + H2O2 44.
How To Determine Which Alkyl Halides Work Best In an SN1 Reaction 45. Reaction Mechanisms – Nucleophilic & Electrophilic Addition and Substitution 46. NBS, T-BuoK or KOC(CH3)3, Br2, NaNH2, HgSO4 H2O H2SO4 47. Alkanes – CnH2n+2, Alkenes CnH2n, Alkynes CnH2n-2, Cycloalkanes – CnH2n-2 48. Cyclohexene + NBS 49. Nomenclature of Esters, Aldehydes, Ethers, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids 50.
Chemistry Study Guide High School
How To Determine The Number of Constitutional Isomers In a Compound.
Study Guide Multiple Choice
Practice Multiple Choice Questions Organic Chemistry Practice Multiple Choice Questions These questions are designed to give you practice with multiple choice questions. If you select the wrong answer, there are suggestions to help you see why that answer is not correct and guide you to the correct answer.
Chemistry Regents Study Guide
Return to the page. Bonding Alkanes Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Alkenes Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Alkynes Aromatic Hydrocarbons Infrared Spectroscopy Halides Acid-Base Reactions Alcohols and Phenols Ethers, Amines and Nitriles Aldehydes and Ketones Stereochemistry Carboxylic Acids and Amino Acids Acid Halides and Acid Anhydrides Esters and Amides Miscellaneous Questions and.the answers to these questions have a ranking scale but are not explained. These questions are best used as a review for final exams since they are not ordered in any way. Copyright © August 2000 by Richard C.
Banks.all rights reserved.
Organic problems Organic Chemistry Practice Problems The problem sets provided here are similar to those found on various kinds of standardized exams, such as GRE, ACS & MCAT. The questions are roughly organized by subject, and most sets have over 50 multiple choice problems. To use a problem set, click on its descriptive title. There is some overlap of topics, especially stereochemistry and spectroscopy. The difficulty of the problems varies in a random fashion, as does the organization of subject. Answers are provided after the user has made a serious effort to do a significant number of problems.
Miscelleneous Topics These problems have been written by Professor. Please inform the author of errors. ©2005 William Reusch, All rights reserved.
Comments are closed.
|
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |